Trees are easy to draw.

By the way, to clarify explicitly a couple of things about the “extra credit homework” (Trees are easy to draw) that I handed out in the last class.

It says on it that is due on some imaginary Friday, but it is not. It is due on the 18th, a Tuesday, at the final.

The idea is that this essentially replaces your second-lowest homework score (your lowest homework score having already been dropped). So, it helps more if you’ve missed a homework or didn’t do well on a couple of them—but it’s also not bad as a kind of a review exercise as well. You can’t lose points by handing it in, either.

Schedule updated with handout links

I’ve update the Schedule page with links to PDF versions of the handouts I gave out in our last class, including last year’s final and key, and the summary notes. If you need a key for one of the homework assignments, just email me and I’ll send it to you.

On the summary notes, I observed a little bit too late that I left the last section on phases and islands in, but we didn’t really get to cover the island types very thoroughly, and I don’t think we talked about phases at all. I won’t ask questions about that on the final, therefore, and you can disregard questions on previous finals that relate to those things. I’ll try to post finals for previous years before long, though if you’re resourceful with web searching you can find them, since I’ve linking to previous finals and their keys for several years. But I’ll try to get them properly into this semester’s schedule page before long.

HW 7: Her brother’s Coke

The first sentence you’re asked to draw on HW7 contains a DP her brother’s Coke. This is an extension of the possession constructions we’ve looked at. What’s special about this one is that it has two possession relationships (her-brother, and brother-Coke). The trick here is just that any DP can be a possessor within another DP, that’s what makes these “recursive.” An easy way to approach this would probably be to sketch out the DP for her brother and for his Coke, and then replace the DP his in his Coke with the DP you sketched for her brother. They’re both legitimate DPs, either his or her brother are perfectly fine possessor DPs.

The other thing I noticed has to do with the capitalization of Coke. I meant, of course, the carbonated beverage distributed by the Coca-Cola company. However, note that this is not a proper name. Possession constructions are incompatible with definite DPs like proper names (“*the his dog”, “*his the dog”). If you put a proper name in that place, you can mean something, but it turns the meaning into something like possession of an instance of a kind. That is, “his James Bond” takes on some kind of meaning other than the (fictional) person James Bond possessed by him, it is something more like “his interpretation of the character” or “his action figure” or whatever, depending on the context. Something of which there are several, one of which can be possessed by him. It might have been more perspicuous if I hadn’t used something with a brand name like Coke; I could have de-capitalized it to make it clearer, except that those not hailing from the southern US might have then taken the sentence to mean something somewhat different from what I’d intended.

The reason the proper name thing is relevant is just that the head D of the topmost DP in her brother’s Coke should be the null ∅GEN, and not ∅PROPER.